Njira Ziwiri Zazikulu Zaukadaulo Zapikisana pa Ai ndi PC Chip Giants Yayambitsa Mpikisano Watsopano

Posachedwapa, ma AI PC akhalanso chinthu chofunikira kwambiri mumakampani. Kaya ndi mu x86 camp kapena Arm architecture, gulu la opanga ma chip layambitsa mbadwo watsopano wa ma AI PC chips, kutenga mwayi woti msika wa AI PC uyambe kuphulika ndikuwonjezera khama lawo lokhazikitsa malo a makhadi.

Opanga ma CPU atatu akuluakulu akugulitsa zinthu zatsopano chimodzi ndi chimodzi

Madzulo a IFA 2024, Intel idatulutsa mwalamulo purosesa ya laputopu ya Core Ultra 200V, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito kapangidwe katsopano ka Lunar Lake. Poyankha zofunikira za AI PC pakugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndi magwiridwe antchito, ukadaulo wodziwika bwino wa hyper threading wachotsedwa pamndandanda wazinthuzi. M'malo mwake, uli ndi kufunafuna kulinganiza pakati pa kugwiritsa ntchito bwino mphamvu ndi mphamvu, komanso moyo wautali wa batri. Mphamvu ya makompyuta a AI yafika pa 120 TOPS, mphamvu yapakati yawonjezeka ndi 68%, ndipo mphamvu yagwiritsidwa ntchito yachepetsedwa ndi 30%. Timagwirizana ndi TSMC popanga, makamaka pogwiritsa ntchito njira zakunja ndikupakidwa ndi Intel Foundry. Chogulitsachi chikuyembekezeka kukhazikitsidwa mwalamulo pa Seputembala 24. Nthawi yomweyo, Intel ikukonzekera mwachangu kapangidwe ka purosesa ya m'badwo wotsatira. Akuti Arrow Lake idzagwiritsabe ntchito njira zakunja, pomwe Panther Lake idzapangidwa kutengera Intel 18A.

Qualcomm idatulutsanso purosesa ya Snapdragon X Plus ya ma PC a AI panthawi ya IFA 2024, ndikukulitsa kwambiri mndandanda wa Snapdragon X womwe udayambitsidwa chaka chatha. Mndandanda wa Snapdragon X umachokera ku kapangidwe ka Arm ndipo umagwiritsa ntchito njira ya 8-core 4nm, yomwe ndi cholinga chachikulu cha Qualcomm pakufufuza gawo la PC. CEO wa Qualcomm Amon adati cholinga chamtsogolo cha Qualcomm ndikukulitsa ma chips a Snapdragon X omwe amayang'ana pa AI a kampaniyo ku zida zonse zamakompyuta, kuphatikiza ma PC ang'onoang'ono. Kaya ndi Snapdragon X Elite kapena Snapdragon X Plus yomwe yangotulutsidwa kumene, Qualcomm ikugogomezera ubwino wa single core performance, womwe ungachepetse kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndi 65% pansi pa magwiridwe antchito omwewo. Ponena za mphamvu ya kompyuta ya AI, mphamvu ya kompyuta ya NPU imatha kufika 45 TOPS ndipo mphamvu yonse ya kompyuta imatha kufika 75 TOPS.

AMD ikukulanso mwachangu pamsika wa AI PC. Mu June chaka chino, ku COMPUTEX 2024, ma processor a Ryzen AI 300 series adatulutsidwa, okhala ndi mitundu itatu yonse: Ryzen AI 9 HX 375, Ryzen AI 9 HX 370, ndi Ryzen AI 9 365. Mndandanda wa ma processor awa umagwiritsa ntchito kapangidwe ka "Zen 5", pomwe Ryzen AI 9 HX 375 ili ndi mphamvu yowerengera ya 55 TOPS ndi Ryzen AI 9 HX 370 ili ndi mphamvu yowerengera ya 50 TOPS. AMD yakhala ikukonzekera msika wa AI PC kuyambira 2023, ndikuyambitsa NPU yodziyimira payokha kwa nthawi yoyamba mu ma processor a Ryzen 7040 series. AMD ikupanganso mbadwo watsopano wa ma processor, ndipo zomwe zilipo pano ndi zakuti Zen6 ndi Zen6c zonse zidzayambitsidwa mu 2025.

Kuchokera pa momwe msika ulili panopa, liwiro la kukula kwa ma AI PC ndi lachangu kuposa momwe limayembekezeredwa poyamba, zomwe zikuyembekezeka kubweretsa mafunde ambiri osintha makina ku makampani apadziko lonse lapansi a ma PC. Malinga ndi deta yaposachedwa kuchokera ku Canalys, mu kotala lachiwiri la 2024, kutumiza makompyuta (ma PC) omwe amathandizira AI kunafika pa mayunitsi 8.8 miliyoni, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti 14% ya kutumiza konse kwa ma PC mu kotala lino. Morgan Stanley akuneneratu kuti ma AI PC adzakhala 2% ya msika wonse wa ma PC chaka chino, pomwe gawo la msika likukula kufika pa 16% chaka chamawa, 28% mu 2026, 48% mu 2027, komanso kufika pa 64% pofika chaka cha 2028.

Misasa iwiri ikuluikulu ikupikisana

Poyamba kupanga makompyuta, Microsoft idapanga mgwirizano wa Wintel ndi Intel ndipo idalamulira msika waukulu wa ma chip a PC. Komabe, m'zaka zaposachedwa, ndi chitukuko cha ukadaulo, makamaka kupambana kwa Apple mu kapangidwe ka Arm, kapangidwe ka msika wonse kakusintha ndikukula. Mphamvu yatsopano ya ma chip a AI PC kutengera "kapangidwe ka Arm" yapangidwa pang'onopang'ono pamsika, ikupikisana ndi kapangidwe ka x86 kachikhalidwe.

Pokhudzidwa ndi mpikisano wa Apple PC, Microsoft posachedwapa yawonjezera thandizo lake ku Arm camp. Pa msonkhano wa Build 2024 wa chaka chino, Microsoft yakhazikitsa mbadwo watsopano wa AI PC, ndikukhazikitsa muyezo watsopano wa kapangidwe ka AI PC cal.LED "Copilot+PC", ndikuyambitsa purosesa ya Qualcomm ya "Snapdragon X Elite" kutengera kapangidwe ka zomangamanga za Arm. Izi zikuonedwa ndi makampani ngati chochitika chofunikira kwambiri pakusintha kwaukadaulo kwa Microsoft.

Tanthauzo la AI PC silinagwirizanebe, ndipo kusiyana pakati pa njira ziwirizi kukuonekera bwino kwambiri. Tikalankhula za AI PCs kutengera ma chips a x86 architecture, chifukwa cha CPU yawo yolimba, luso lawo lokonza zinthu m'deralo, kutsindika kwambiri pa deta ya m'deralo, komanso kutsindika kwambiri zachinsinsi cha deta. Chifukwa chake ma AI PCs kutengera ma chips a Arm architecture amagogomezera kwambiri mgwirizano ndi cloud inference, ndipo ubwino wogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa ndi wowonekera kwambiri.

Akatswiri akulosera kuti mtsogolomu, zofunikira za zida za AI PC zidzasiyana kwambiri ndi zinthu za esports pankhani ya kuchuluka kwapamwamba, kwapakati, komanso kotsika. Ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kugula zinthu za AI PC zogwirizana kutengera zosowa zawo za ntchito za AI, zosowa zosungira mphamvu, komanso kufunitsitsa kulipira mitengo malinga ndi zomwe akufuna.

Kuyembekezeka kwa makampani opanga ma chip a AI PC ku China kukulonjeza

Makampani opanga ma chip aku China nawonso akulowa mu unyolo wamakampani opanga ma PC a AI. Posachedwapa, kampani yatsopano ya ma chip ya Jixin Technology yatulutsa SoC yoyamba yosiyana kwambiri "Jixin P1" yopangidwira AI PC ku China. Chip iyi imachokera ku kapangidwe ka Arm ndipo imagwiritsa ntchito njira ya 6nm, yomwe ingapereke mphamvu ya makompyuta ya 45TOPS ndikuthandizira kutumizidwa kwa mitundu yayikulu ya mbali yokhala ndi magawo osakwana 10 biliyoni. Pa Msonkhano wa RISC-V China wa 2024, Yisiwei Computing idayambitsanso chip ya AI PC - EIC7702X, yomwe imathandizira ma processor a RISC-V a 8-core ndi mapangidwe a NPU, imathandizira ma decoding 50 apamwamba komanso zochitika zazikulu zogwiritsira ntchito ma model, ndipo imatha kusinthidwa kwambiri kuti igwirizane ndi machitidwe ogwiritsira ntchito monga Tongxin, Kirin, ndi Debian. Pa Msonkhano wa "H • I ³ AI Exploration", Weiren Technology ndi Softtek adatulutsa pamodzi zinthu za AIPC, zomwe zili ndi GPU ya Weiren Technology ndipo zimakhala ndi mphamvu zochepa, mphamvu zambiri, komanso kuthekera kwabwino kwambiri kolemba ndi kutanthauzira makanema.

Pakadali pano, China ikadali yofooka pankhani ya ma chip akuluakulu monga ma CPU ndi ma GPU. Chifukwa chake, pankhani ya njira yaukadaulo, opanga ma chip ambiri akunyumba akutsatira njira ya "Arm architecture + cloud". Komabe, Sun Wenjian, yemwe anayambitsa komanso CEO wa ukadaulo wa ma chip, adanenanso mu kuyankhulana kwa atolankhani kuti unyolo wamakampani a PC ku China ndi wathunthu kwambiri, kuyambira ma processor mpaka machitidwe ogwiritsira ntchito, komanso kupanga ndi kupanga, mapulogalamu osiyanasiyana ogwiritsira ntchito, komanso chitukuko chachikulu cha ma model sichikutsalira pa miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi. Zopinga zolowera ma CPU ndizambiri, kuphatikiza luso lopanga, ndalama zogulira ndalama, ndi zina. Ponena za ndalama, kukula, ndi mbiri, tikadali ndi kusiyana poyerekeza ndi zimphona zazikulu. Komabe, ngati tidziyang'ana tokha kuchokera ku unyolo wonse wamakampani, tili ndi zabwino zathu. Ndi kutuluka kwa zochitika zatsopano ndi zachilengedwe, izi zipereka maziko olimba kwambiri pakukula kwa makampani a ma chip am'deralo.